York City and Boston during the summer and early autumn of year
2004, using two models of professional single-lens reflex (SLR) camera
which are Canon 10D and Nikon D70.
2. Format: The images are stored simultaneously in both RAW and
JPEG format. While RAW images provide a control on the in-camera
image processing operations, including the compression option, on the
final image, the JPEG images provide images indisputably processed
by the camera. More information is in Section 5.1.1.
3. Camera parameters: Camera parameters are kept in the EXIF
meta-data format and stored with the RAW and JPEG images. More
information is in Section 5.1.2.
4. Natural scene content: Like the PRCG set, the image content
is limited to natural scene only. Figure 5 shows the examples images
from the Personal Columbia set which match the content of the PRCG
shown in Figure 4.
5. Image size: The original size of the PIM are 3072 x 2048 pixels for
Canon 10D images and 3008 x 2000 pixels for Nikon D70 images.
6. Diversity in the photographic process: There is a diversity in
terms of the major variables within a photographic process, i.e., the
illumination sources, the objects, the camera, and the photographer.
More explanation is in Section 5.1.3.
5.1.1 RAW Format of PIM
RAW images, often regarded as the negative of digital images, are the di-
rect output of the camera CCD sensors. RAW format is proprietary to
the camera manufacturers. Canon associates its RAW format images with
the .CRW file extension, while Nikon RAW image file has a .NEF file ex-
tension. The settings of the in-camera operation, such as white-balancing,
radiometric transformation, sharpening effect and so on, are recorded in the
RAW-format images, but not applied to the raw sensors data. Therefore,
the in-camera settings can be changed later using any external RAW pro-
cessing software. Although camera manufacturers provide their own RAW
processing software, there are also third party RAW processing software,
such as Adobe Photoshop and BreezeBrowser Pro2.
2see http://www.breezesys.com/BreezeBrowser/
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