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Pts: 3

Time: Fall 2004, Wednesday 4.10 – 6.00 PM

Room: COMET Lab., Room 801 Schapiro Research Building (CEPSR)

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Sensor networks are recognized as a new frontier in communications. Sensors are self-organizing and represent low-powered, low-cost computational devices that can monitor and manipulate our physical world by spontaneously forming multihop wireless networks in a fully distributed manner. Sensors use acoustic, seismic, thermal, and infrared sensing technologies among others, they come in different form-factors from nano sensors (such as smart dust) to more conventional mote sensors, and they support a wide variety of new applications such as habitat monitoring, target detection, industrial process management, disaster recovery, earthquake monitoring, smart homes, etc. Importantly, the design of these networks represents a radical departure from the Internet architecture we know today.

This seminar offers students the opportunity to understand the foundations of sensor networks through surveying the research literature, and importantly, students will program mote sensors in the laboratory as part of group projects to get hands-on experience.

Prerequisites: Students should have some knowledge in computer networks, operating systems, and a computer programming language as prerequisites for the seminar, or with the instructors' approval.

Topics covered will include:

Applications
Sensor hardware
Energy management, capacity issues, in-network processing, and aggregation
MAC protocols
Routing techniques
Data dissemination
Transport systems
Congestion control techniques
Mote programming

Other issues that may be covered

Coverage issues
Compression issues
Synchronization protocols

Students will be required to:

Read three technical papers each week – no written reviews are required.
Participate in the discussion of technical papers.
Each week three papers will be discussed in class. A student volunteer will select one paper for a formal in-class presentation. Two other students will lead the discussion of the two remaining papers without any need for formal presentations.
There will be an emphasis on reading, understanding and discussing the papers in an informal setting rather than slick power-point presentations and detailed written reviews.
Midterm paper will be required based on extending ideas found in the literature.
Group project based on programming mote sensors

Grading:

40% Participation in class presentation and discussion
20% Mid-term paper
40% Course project based on mote programming

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Reading List

Week 1 - Organizational Meeting and DEMO of Armstrong Project Technologies

Week 2 - Overview of Sensor Networks

· David Culler, Deborah Estrin, and Mani Srivastava, "Overview of Sensor Networks", IEEE Computer, August 2004

· Chee.-Yee. Chong and Kumar, S.P., "Sensor Networks: Evolution, Opportunities, and Challenges," Proc IEEE, August 2003

· Ian Akyildiz., W. Su, Y. Sankarasubramaniam, E. Cayirci, "A Survey on Sensor Networks", IEEE Communications Magazine, August 2002

Week 3 - Sensor Applications

· Ning Xu et al, "A Wireless Sensor Network for Structural Monitoring", ACM SenSys 2004

· A. Mainwaring, R. Szewczyk, D. Culler, J. Anderson, "Wireless Sensor Networks for Habitat Monitoring", ACM WSNA 2002

· IL. Schwiebert, S. Gupta, J. Weinmann, "Research Challenges in Wireless Networks of Biomedical Sensors," ACM MobiCom 2001

Week 4 - Data Dissemination Protocols

· Chalermek Intanagonwiwat, et al, “Directed Diffusion for Wireless Sensor Networking”, IEEE/ACM TON Vol 11 , No. 1, Feb. 2003

· W.R. Heinzelman, J. Kulik, H. Balakrishnan, "Adaptive Protocols for Information Dissemination in Wireless Sensor Networks", ACM Mobicom '99,

· John Heidemann, Fabio Silva, and Deborah Estrin, “Matching Data Dissemination Algorithms to Application Requirements”, ACM SenSys 2003

Week 5 – Reliable Transport Protocols

· Chieh-Yih Wan and Andrew T. Campbell, Lakshman Krishnamurthy, “PSFQ: A Reliable Transport Protocol For Wireless Sensor Networks”, First ACM International Workshop on Wireless Sensor Networks and Applications (WSNA 2002), Atlanta, September 28, 2002.

· Fred Stann and John Heidemann, “RMST: Reliable Data Transport in Sensor Networks”, First IEEE International Workshop on Sensor Net Protocols and Applications (SNPA), April, 2003

· Yogesh Sankarasubramaniam, Ozgur Akan, Ian Akyildiz, "ESRT: Event-to-Sink Reliable Transport in Wireless Sensor Networks", ACM MobiHoc 2003

Week 6 – Congestion Control and Avoidance Techniques

· Bret Hull, Kyle Jamieson, Hari Balakrishnan, "Techniques for Mitigating Congestion in Sensor Networks" ACM SenSys 2004, November 2004

· Chieh-Yih Wan, Shane B. Eisenman and Andrew T. Campbell, “CODA: Congestion Detection and Avoidance in Sensor Networks”, ACM SenSys 2003, November 2003.

· Cheng Tien Ee, "Congestion Control and Fairness for Many-to-One Routing in Sensor Networks", ACM SenSys 2004, November 2004

Week 7 – Motes, TinyOS programming, and TOSSIM

· No papers this week, but …

· Do the TinyOS Tutorial using TOSSIM and follow these guidelines

· We will discuss TinyOS, tutorial and environment in class

· For a good set of tutorial slides see the TinyOS MobiSys tutorial

· >>this week denotes start of the project phase<<

Week 8 – Sensor Network Measurements - the real deal

· Jerry Zhao, and Ramesh Govindan, “Understanding Packet Delivery Performance In Dense Wireless Sensor Networks”, ACM SenSys 2003, November 2003

· Alec Woo, Terence Tong, and David Culler, “Taming the Underlying Challenges of Reliable Multihop Routing in Sensor Networks”, ACM SenSys 2003, November 2003

Week 9 – Plumbing for Projects (revisited)

· David Gay, Phil Levis, Rob von Behren, Matt Welsh, Eric Brewer, and David Culler, "The nesC Language: A Holistic Approach to Networked Embedded Systems", Programming Language Design and Implementation (PLDI) 2003, June 2003

· Jason Hill, Robert Szewczyk ,Alec Woo, Seth Hollar, David Culler, Kristofer Pister, "System Architecture Directions for Network Sensors", ASPLOS 2000, Cambridge, November 2000

· Phillip Levis, et al., "TOSSIM: Accurate and Scalable Simulation of Entire TinyOS Applications", First ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems, 2003

Week 10 – MAC

· Alec Woo and David Culler, "A Transmission Control Scheme for Media Access in Sensor Networks", ACM Mobicom 2001, July 2001

· Wei Ye, John Heidemann and Deborah Estrin, "An Energy-Efficient MAC Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks", IEEE INFOCOM 2002, June, 2002.

· T. van Dam and K. Langendoen, "An Adaptive Energy-Efficient MAC Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks", ACM SenSys 2003, Los Angeles CA, November 2003.

Week 11 – MAC and Project Design Overviews

· Joseph Polastre, Jason` Hill, David Culler, "Versatile Low Power Media Access for Wireless Sensor Networks", ACM SenSys 2004

· Project Design Overview Presentations (20 Mins per team)

Week 12 –Apps, apps, apps ...

· Gyula Simon, Akos Ledeczi, Miklos Maroti, "Sensor Network-Based Countersniper System", ACM SenSys 2004

· Christopher Sadler et al, "Hardware Design Experiences in ZebraNet", ACM SenSys 2004

· Samuel R. Madden, Michael J. Franklin, Joseph M. Hellerstein, and Wei Hong, "The Design of an Acquisitional Query Processor for Sensor Networks", ACM SIGMOD, June 2003

Week 13 - Project Code Review

· Each project makes 30 min including the detailed design

· Present code changes to the TinyOS CODA code

· Show CODA running in TOSSIM (even change a few lines)

Week 14 - No class - project work

Week 15 - Demo Day

· Part I: Each project makes a 20 minute demo (design goals, results, experiences)

· Part II: Demo in TOSSIM or mica-2 if you get there