York City and Boston during the summer and early autumn of year 2004, using two models of professional single-lens reflex (SLR) camera which are Canon 10D and Nikon D70. 2.  Format: The images are stored simultaneously in both RAW and JPEG format. While RAW images provide a control on the in-camera image processing operations, including the compression option, on the final image, the JPEG images provide images indisputably processed by the camera. More information is in Section 5.1.1. 3.  Camera parameters:  Camera parameters are kept in the EXIF meta-data format and stored with the RAW and JPEG images. More information is in Section 5.1.2. 4.  Natural scene content:  Like the  PRCG  set, the image content is limited to natural scene only. Figure 5 shows the examples images from the Personal Columbia set which match the content of the PRCG shown in Figure 4. 5.  Image size: The original size of the PIM are 3072 x 2048 pixels for Canon 10D images and 3008 x 2000 pixels for Nikon D70 images. 6.  Diversity in the photographic process: There is a diversity in terms of the major variables within a photographic process, i.e., the illumination sources, the objects, the camera, and the photographer. More explanation is in Section 5.1.3. 5.1.1   RAW Format of PIM RAW images, often regarded as the negative of digital images, are the di- rect output of the camera CCD sensors.  RAW format is proprietary to the camera manufacturers. Canon associates its RAW format images with the .CRW file extension, while Nikon RAW image file has a .NEF file ex- tension. The settings of the in-camera operation, such as white-balancing, radiometric transformation, sharpening effect and so on, are recorded in the RAW-format images, but not applied to the raw sensors data. Therefore, the in-camera settings can be changed later using any external RAW pro- cessing software. Although camera manufacturers provide their own RAW processing software, there are also third party RAW processing software, such as Adobe Photoshop and BreezeBrowser Pro². ²see http://www.breezesys.com/BreezeBrowser/ 15